THE ORBITING PHOTONS HYPOTHESIS

HYPOTHESIS

A ray of light is not composed of a single photon. Instead, it is composed of a pair of photons,
one traveling in a straight line (Central Photon), and one orbiting around the Central Photon.

Perhaps this is why light rays have properties  of a traveling quantum of light (photon) and properties of a traveling electromagnetic wave.

For this hypothesis to become a Theory, Some scientist, in the future, should use acceptable scientific method to prove it to the scientific establishment. I do not have any cone cells, that I could look at, in my microscope, in order to count the number of disks in each of the 3 types and the diameter of each, and measure the diameter of each disk.

INTRODUCTION

The idea for this hypothesis began when I wondered how the 3 types of cone cells in our eyes can detect the many wave length (or orbital diameter of the rotating photon) of the visible light spectrum, enabling us to see millions of colors. Scientists named the 3 types of cone cells; S-cone, M-cone, and L-cone. Probably because the cones can be small, medium, or large. The small cones detect the wave lengths that we see as blue, the medium size cones detect the wave lengths that we see as green, and the large cone cells detect the wave lengths that we see as red.

I have no access to any cone cells. Therefore I can not examine them, under a microscope, to see how many disks they have and what are the physical dimensions of each disk. However, if we assume that there are eight disks in each of them, that will give us the ability to see  16,777,216 colors.

The math, to arrive at 16,777,216, is very simple:

Using a 1 for the detection an orbiting photon, and a 0 for no detection.
Each cone can generate the values from 0 to 256 (0 - 11111111 in binary) (0-FF in hexadecimal).
And we have 3 cones types, therefore 256 x 256 x 256 = 16,777,216

This is very similar to the method used in a high definition TV set that has an 8 bit back plane.
Such TVs have tiny red, green and blue LEDs that can have a value from 0-FF (hexadecimal).
That enables the TV to display 16,777,216. From 000000 (black) to FFFFFF (white).


JUSTIFICATION AND LOGIC OF THE HYPOTHESIS

Because the disks are round and stacked small to large (top to bottom), this implies that the exposed circular area of each disk is the important photo sensitive part of each disk. The top disk is the only disk fully exposed, and therefore can detect the straight traveling photon. The other disks only expose their circular edge, because they only need to sense the orbiting photon in order to detect the wave length of a ray of light (wave length = twice the diameter).

ILLUSTRATION OF THE PHOTONS PATH

Using 2 colors, and 3 views, I am illustrating the path of the 2 photons.





The sample illustration bellow, shows four stacked disks (similar to the ones in the cones of the cone cells), and the area where the two photons hit the disks.



If I had sample cone cells, then I could turn this hypothesis into a thesis if the size of the cone cells disks diameter are equal to the calculated sizes. I am showing here two methods of calculating the orbit size that each type of cone cell must be able to detect. One method use known color frequencies, and the other method use known wave lengths.

THE WAVE LENGTH METHOD

I found in the Internet (proper name: World Wide Web (WWW)) the following data:

L-cone peak red sensitivity 564 - 580 nm
M-cone peak green sensitivity 534 -545 nm
S-cone peak blue sensitivity 420 - 440 nm

Because the diameter of the orbits of the orbiting photons is 1/2 the wave length, then dividing the above wave ranges by two, we obtain the orbits that each cone cell type should sense.

Red cone cells should sense orbits from 282 nm to 290 nm
Green cone cells should sense orbits from 267 nm to 273 nm
Blue cone cells should sense orbits from 210 nm to 220 nm

THE FREQUENCY METHOD

Colors have a certain range of frequencies, depending on their chroma (saturation) of that color.
Using the well known equation "Wavelength = Speed of light divided by the frequency", we can calculate the orbits that each of the three types of cone cells must be able to detect.
We can make the calculation easier by rounding the speed of light to 300,000,000 m/s (300 Mega meters), and converting the Terahertz to Megahertz.

Red  frequencies  - 400 - 480 Terahertz
300,000,000 m/s / 400,000,000,000,000 Hertz
 = 300 Mega meters / 400,000,000 Megahertz = 0.00000075 m = 750 nanometers
300 / 480,000,000 = 0.000000625 m = 625 nm
Red wavelengths ~ 625 to 750 mm

Green frequencies - 525 - 575  Terahertz
300 / 525,000,000 = 0.000000571429 m ~ 571 nm
300 / 575,000,000 = 0.000000521739 m ~ 522 nm
Green wavelengths ~ 522 - 571 nm

Blue  frequencies  - 660 - 700  Terahertz
300 / 660,000,000 = 0.000000455 m ~ 455 nm
300 / 700,000,000 = 0.000000429 m ~ 429 nm
Blue wavelengths ~ 429 - 455 nm

The orbital diameter of the orbiting photons is equal to 1/2 their wave length.
Therefore, the cone cells must be capable of sensing the following orbits:
Red cone cells should sense orbits from 312 nm to 375 nm
Green cone cells should sense orbits from 261 nm to 285 nm
Blue cone cells should sense orbits from 215 nm to 227 nm

An ambitious physicist, could win the Nobel prize in Physics, if he proves that this hypothesis is true.

Minor revision on March 2026, when I noticed that I spelled straight as strait in two places, and the spell checker did not catch this because the word strait does exist, but does not mean the same thing :)
 
RETURN TO THINGS TO KNOW